* The prehistoric prehistoric period in the history of mankind can roughly be dated from 200000 B.C. to about 3500-2500 BC, when the first civilization began to take shape.
*The modern human beings or the Homo Sapiens set foot on the Indian subcontinent somewhere between 50000 BC and 40000 BC and they soon spread through a large part of the sub continent, including peninsular India.
*They continously flooded the Indian subcontinent in waves of migration from what in present day Iran.
*These primitive people moved in group of a few families and lived mainly on hunting and gathering.
*In the Mesolithic Age, the stone tools to be made more sharp and pointed.
*The modern human beings or the Homo Sapiens set foot on the Indian subcontinent somewhere between 50000 BC and 40000 BC and they soon spread through a large part of the sub continent, including peninsular India.
*They continously flooded the Indian subcontinent in waves of migration from what in present day Iran.
*These primitive people moved in group of a few families and lived mainly on hunting and gathering.
STONE AGE
* The age when the prehistoric man began to use stone for utilitarian purpose is called as the Stone Age.
*Stone Age is divided into three broad divisions- PALEOLITIC AGE or OLD STONE AGE (from unknown till 8000 BC), MESOLITHIC AGE or MIDDLE STONE AGE (from 8000 BC-4000 BC) and NEOLITHIC AGE or NEW STONE AGE (4000 BC-2500 BC) on the basis of the specialization of stone tools, which were made during that time.
PALEOLITHIC AGE
*The human beings living in the Paleolithic Age were essentially food gatherers and depend on nature of food.
*The art of hunting and stalking wild animals individually and later in groups led to these people making stone weapons and tools.
*These kind of tools were generally used to kill small animals and for tearing flesh from the carcass of hunted animals.
*These tools are characteristic of the Paleolithic Age and were very rough.
MESOLITHIC AGE
*In the Mesolithic Age, the stone tools to be made more sharp and pointed.
*To ensure a life that abundance of food and clothing, the stone tools began to appear in increasingly specialized way.
*Apart from hand axes, they also produced crude, stone-tipped wooden spears, borers and burins.
*This period also saw the domestication of animals and cultivation of wild varieties of crops.
*Because of farming, small settlement began to take shape.
*Archaeological exavations have unearthed Mesolithic sites in Chotta Nagpur area of Central India and in the south of the River Krishna.
*Fire was started to produce.
NEOLITHIC AGE
*Neolithic Age (4000 BC-2500BC) or New Stone Age was the last phase of stone age and is characterised by very finely flaked small stone tools, also known as blades and burins.
*Neolithic Age also saw the domestication of cattle, horses, and other farm animals.
*An important invention of this time was the wheel.
*Fire was started to be produced.
CHALCOLITHIC PHASE
*Towards the end of Neolithic period, metals like bronze and copper began to be used.
*This was the Chalcolithic phase (1800 BC-1000 BC).
*Some of the sites of this era are Brahmgiri near Mysore and Navada Toli on River Narmada.
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